Isi egosi nke mmanu

Njirimara nkịtị na nke kemịkal

Eachdị mmanu mmanu ọ bụla nwere mmanụ a na-ahụkarị na njirimara kemịkalụ iji gosipụta njirimara nke ngwaahịa a. Maka ndị na-ete mmanụ, ihe ndị a na-ahụkarị na kemịkal bụ ndị a:

(1) Njupụta

Njupụta bụ usoro arụmọrụ nkịtị kachasị mfe na nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka ndị na-ete mmanụ. Njupụta nke mmanu mmanu na-abawanye na mmụba nke carbon, oxygen, na sọlfọ na ngwakọta ya. Ya mere, n’okpuru otu viscosity ma ọ bụ otu ihe metụtara ngwurugwu, njupụta nke mmanụ mmanu nwere hydrocarbons ndị ọzọ na-esi ísì ụtọ na ọtụtụ goms na asphaltenes Nke kachasị ukwuu, nwere ọtụtụ cycloalkanes n’etiti, na ndị pere mpe nwere ọtụtụ alkanes.

(2) Ọdịdị (chromaticity)

Agba mmanụ nwere ike igosipụta mmezi ya na nkwụsi ike ya. Maka isi mmanụ, ọkwa dị elu nke nhazigharị, na-ehichapụ ihe ndị na-ekpocha mmanụ hydrocarbon na sulfides, na-acha ọkụ ọkụ. Agbanyeghị, ọbụlagodi na ọnọdụ nnụcha ahụ bụ otu, ụcha na nghọta nke isi mmanụ emere site na isi mmanụ dị iche iche na mmanụ ala nwere ike ịdị iche.

Maka mmanu ohuru ohuru, n'ihi iji ihe eji eme ihe, agba dị ka ntinye iji kpebie ogo nke isi mmanụ alafuola ihe ọ pụtara

(3) Ntinye viscosity

Ntinye viscosity na-egosi ogo nke viscosity mmanụ na-agbanwe na okpomọkụ. Nke dị elu karịa ndekasị viscosity, otú ahụ ka ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ okpomoku na-emetụta mmanụ viscosity, nke ka mma ọrụ viscosity-ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ okpomọkụ ya, na ntụgharị ihu

(4) Viscosity

Viscosity gosipụtara esemokwu nke mmanụ dị n'ime, ọ bụkwa ihe na-egosi mmanụ na oke mmiri. Na-enweghị ihe mgbakwunye ọ bụla na-arụ ọrụ, nke ukwuu na viscosity, nke dị elu na-eme ka ike ịse mmanụ na-adịwanye njọ, nke ka njọ karị.

(5) Ihe ngosi Flash

Ihe ọkụ ọkụ bụ ihe ngosi nke evaporation mmanụ. Mpekwu mmanụ mmanụ na-ebuwanye ibu, ikuku ya na-ebuwanye ibu ma na-agbadata ebe ọ na-agbanye ọkụ. N’aka nke ozo, nke n’ibu nke pere mpe mmanu mmanu, nke pere mpe, ma karie ebe nkpuchi ya. N'otu oge ahụ, ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ bụ ihe ngosi nke ihe ize ndụ ọkụ nke ngwaahịa mmanụ ala. A na-ekewa ọkwa dị egwu nke mmanụ mmanụ dịka isi ọkụ ha si dị. Ihe ngosi ọkụ dị n'okpuru 45 ℃ dị ka ngwaahịa na-ere ọkụ, na n'elu 45 ℃ bụ ngwaahịa na-ere ọkụ. A machibidoro ya iwu ikpo mmanụ na ọnọdụ ọkụ ya n'oge nchekwa mmanụ na njem. N'ihe banyere otu viscosity ahụ, ihe ọkụ ọkụ ahụ dị elu, nke ka mma. Ya mere, onye ọrụ kwesịrị ịhọrọ dị ka ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na ọnọdụ ọrụ nke mmanu ahụ mgbe ị na-ahọrọ mmanu ahụ. A na-ekwenyekarị na ọkụ ọkụ dị 20 ~ 30 ℃ karịa ogo ọrụ, ọ ga-ejikwa udo nke uche.